Preparation of lesson planning
Following points should be kept in mind while preparing a lesson plan:
1) Lesson number
2) Date
3) Time
4) Class
5) Subject
6) Average age of children
7) Topic of the lesson
8) Aims of the lesson
a) Specific aim
b) General aim
9) Material aids
10) Previous knowledge
11) Introduction
12) Statement of the aim
13) Presentation
14) Comprehensive question
15) Black-board summary
16) Application or Recapitulation
17) Home-work
Topic of the lesson
For effective teaching the reading material is divided into various topics. If a topic is
small in size, then it works as a lesson for the day. But if it is lengthy, then it is divided into
sub topics, according to our ideas and accordingly each heading is also determined.
Aims of the lesson
Before lesson is taught, it is necessary to decide its aim or objectives. Every lesson
has following two types of aims:
a) General aims: By general aims we mean aims related to the subject. In these aims, no
change is made as they are definite and have direct relation with the full subject.
b) Specific aims: Those aims which are not related to the full subject, instead, they are
related toa part of the lesson and with a particular context. These are changed in
accordance with the changes in lesson and context.
Material aids
In order to make the teaching successful, effective and interesting, a teacher uses
material aids or devices and techniques. The time and manner of which should be included
in the lesson plan.
Previous knowledge
Previous knowledge is the knowledge, which the students already possess before
teaching them a new lesson. In previous knowledge not only the previous reading material,
but all the experiences of the child, which he has achieved till now is included. By taking into
consideration the previous knowledge, this will also be kept in mind, but previous
knowledge of the students should be in accordance to the selected lesson.
Introduction
Before starting a new lesson, a teacher should prepare his students to acquire new
knowledge. Here a question arises, how can a teacher may ask 3 or 4 questions based on
the students’ previous knowledge, in order to inculcate interest, enthusiasm and curiosity
among his students for accepting the new lesson. In order to make the student accept and
adopt a new lesson, following methods can be used:
a) Asking questions based on the lesson
b) Narrating a story
c) Showing a picture
d) Explaining the subject
e) Narrating poems
g) Presenting any example or incident etc.
Statement of aim
After completing the introduction of the lesson, students get a picture of the
objectives of that lesson. After giving the introduction, teacher should tell the specific aims.
While students are acquainted with the specific aims of lesson, enthusiasm is generated
among them. Secondly, they choose the correct way for the study of the lesson. Their
attention is centralized towards the reading subject and the teacher will feel comfortable
while teaching.
Presentation
After statement of aim, when the attention of both, the teacher and the students
are centralized towards the lesson, the teacher should use the principle of selection and
division. For the development of the units, a teacher is required to use various educational
techniques like questions, examples, explanation, narration and exhibition.
Comprehensive questions
Comprehensive questions are those questions, which are asked by the teacher
from his students after teaching every unit of the lesson, in order to ascertain, whether the
children have properly understood the lesson or not. Comprehensive questions are usually
of two types – first related to the teaching matter and second related to the language.
Black – board summary
The black board summary should always be formed with the help of students,
but not much time should be devoted to this purpose. Black –board summary consists of
important sentences which should be small, clear, relevant and written in a serial form so
that students can adopt lesson matter easily and comfortably.
Recapitulation
Recapitulation exercise should be done so that whatever has been taught to the
students till now, can be retain in their brains. The teacher comes to know about the
success or failure in achieving his aim.
Home – work
Home assignment should be given to the students related to that lesson.
Check Your Progress
Note: a) Write your answer in the space provided after each item.
b) Compare your answers with those given at the end of the unit.
3. When should we plan a lesson?
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4. Why material aids are useful in teaching?
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